This constitution uses the word "business" to refer to the organizations that manufacture or service material items. The Economic Division is the only group that is authorized to create and terminate businesses.

The people and organizations that provide services for people, such as doctors, dentists, hospitals, journalists, and schools are the responsibility of the Health and Social divisions. Until someone comes up with a better word, those organizations are referred to as "social organizations".

The Economic division does not deal with people. Rather, it is responsible for creating and terminating businesses that are involved with the development, production, maintenance, and recycling of material items.

Computer software is considered to be a "material item", so the Economic Division is responsible for the businesses that develop computer software. Many of the social organizations, such as hospitals, need software, but the Economic Division is responsible for developing the software for the social organizations.

Each of the Economic ministers has control of a different sector of the economy. Each minister creates and terminates the businesses in his sector, and they are responsible for hiring and replacing the executives of the businesses that they create.

The ministries are analogous to the departments of a corporation. Each ministry is independent, but they must frequently work together for the benefit of the city, just as the different departments of a corporation must work together for the benefit of the corporation.

The ministers must arrange for two or more businesses to compete with one another, except when they regard the competition to be unnecessary or wasteful. The purpose for the competition is to allow the ministers to determine which executives are more talented, and to inspire the people in the businesses.
The document on competition has details.

A free enterprise system puts businesses into competition for profit, and with no concern for how they make it, but this Constitution requires the ministers to put the businesses into competition to bring the most improvements to the city and human life. Although the businesses must be efficient, the minister's primary concern is their effect on society.

One of the goals of the ministers is to reduce undesirable labor to a minimum, so the ministers are allowed to do things that would be impossible or unlikely in a free enterprise system.

For example, instead of having people at a shoe factory put shoelaces into shoes, the ministers can require the shoe factories to provide shoes and laces separately, and each person would put the laces into his shoes. That eliminates an unpleasant job.

Furthermore, the shoes, laces, and other products, do not have to be packaged in attractive boxes. Instead, they can be placed on shelves without any packaging. That eliminates the need for people to design and produce packaging materials; to put the items into the packages; and to discard and recycle the packaging materials.

The Economic President is responsible for creating and eliminating ministries, hiring the Ministers, and settling disputes between the Ministers. He must also routinely replace the worst performing minister so that somebody else has the chance to try his talents. He does not tell any of the ministers how to do their job, but he has the authority to override their decisions in case he determines that a minister is incompetent or dishonest.

The top executives of a corporation are responsible for adjusting the size and responsibilities of the departments, dealing with disputes between them, and coordinating their work.

The president of the Economic Division is responsible for those tasks. He will have to occasionally alter the responsibilities of the ministries, create new ministries, and terminate or combine ministries. He will also resolve disputes between them, and help them coordinate their work.

For example, if the city decides to build an elevated bicycle path in the surrounding forest, several ministries will be needed to complete the task. The Construction Ministry will be needed to deal with the installation of the elevated bicycle path, and the Factories Ministry will be needed to produce the steel beams or whatever components are needed for the structure. There could be some other ministries involved with some aspect of the design or construction.

Since each of the ministries is independent and of equal status, the economic president is responsible for ensuring that the ministries are working together efficiently. He will often be needed to coordinate them and settle their disputes.

The Economic Division produces and maintains material items, but in order to provide checks and balances, none of the Economic Ministers or business executives have the authority to determine what they produce.

For example, the Economic Division is responsible for providing the city with the products and services for leisure and social activities, such as bicycles, drones, city plazas, clothing, swimming pools, and foot paths, but they do not design the plazas, the clothing, or the swimming pools, and they do not determine what any of the leisure or social activities will be.

The Social and Health Divisions are responsible for experimenting with our culture, such as determining what our clothing styles will be, where bicycle paths will be built, and what type of drones to provide for leisure activities.

The economic ministers and the business executives are in a similar role as the managers of the departments within a corporation. For example, a corporation might create a department to provide maintenance services for an assembly line, and another department to do gardening for the land around their building. The manager of each department must do the work that the department was created for. They cannot decide for themselves what to do. Furthermore, they cannot change their purpose or expand their operations. For example, the manager of the gardening department cannot expand his operation to produce pizzas.

The Economic Division provides the city with the products and services that the other government divisions request. Each minister is responsible for providing the city with the particular products and services that his ministry was created for. Each minister accomplishes this by creating businesses, selecting one executive to manage each business, and putting the businesses into competition with each other. Each business is required to produce the products or services that they were created for. For some examples:

•	The Food Ministry is responsible for creating the farms and other businesses that produce and process food, but they do not decide which foods to produce. Instead, the Meals Minister in the Health Division posts requests in the Requests category about which foods to produce, the quantity of each food, and how the foods are processed.
•	The Research Ministry creates the businesses that do scientific research, but they cannot determine what type of research to conduct. Instead, other ministers post requests for research projects in the Requests category.
•	The Mining Ministry is responsible for creating and terminating the businesses that do the mining operations, but they do not decide which resources the city will mine, or the quantity of each resource to produce. Instead, other ministers post requests for the mining operations in the Requests category.

All of the ministers are equal in authority, so none of them can force another minister to do anything. Therefore, when a minister wants the economic division to produce or alter a product, he must post a request.

For example, the Meals Minister of the health division determines which foods are produced, but the Food Minister in the Economic Division is the only ministry authorized to create farms and food processing businesses. Therefore, when the Meals Minister wants a particular food to be produced, he cannot give orders to the Food Minister, farms, food processing businesses, restaurants, or other businesses. Instead, the Meals Minister must post requests in the Requests category, and the Food Minister must approve the request.

In order to provide some checks and balances on the government officials, all of the ministers are allowed to reject requests. For example:

•	A minister can reject a request if the city does not enough labor or resources at that particular time, or if the request requires technology that doesn't exist yet.
•	A minister can reject a request that he believes a product is idiotic or wasteful. This will allow him to reject proposals to build a statue of a government official; produce an unnecessary variation of a laundry detergent; develop a golf ball that flies farther; and terraform Mars.

When a request is rejected, the requesting minister can can revise his request or abandon it.

The ministers cannot make verbal requests. Every request must be a document that is posted in the Requests category so that everybody can pass judgment on which ministers are making the most beneficial requests; which ministers are making wise decisions about rejecting requests; and which ministers are not doing much of anything.

For an example of how and why the ministers create and reject a request, assume that a minister posted a request to build "Stargate", which is a proposal (as of April 2024) by Microsoft and OpenAI to build a computer that is so large that they are expecting it to require "at least several gigawatts" and which might cost "in excess of 115 billion dollars."

Any of the ministries that are involved with that proposal would be able to reject the request, such as the Construction Ministry, which would produce the building for the computer, the Utilities Ministry, which would provide it with electricity, and the Software Ministry which would provide some of the software.

A minister could reject the request simply to demand more details on what the computer would be used for so that they can pass judgment on whether it is truly necessary. A minister could point out that many of the people are currently using AI software for silly entertainment, such as creating images and videos of pretty women, monsters, Star Wars characters, and animals behaving like humans.

The ministers could complain that there is no benefit in putting so much technical talent and resources into such an advanced computer if most people use it only for entertainment. The ministers could point out that the existing computers are adequate for entertainment, and an advanced computer should be restricted to beneficial tasks.

The minister that posted the proposal could either complain that the rejection is irrational, or he could revise his proposal in some manner, such as restricting what the computer can be used for in order to reduce its cost, and its consumption of electricity and cooling water.

Since the proposals, rejections, and revised proposals must be posted in the Requests category, everybody will be able to pass judgment on which of the ministers are providing intelligent analyses and guidance.

If the ministers cannot agree on what to do, the President of the Economic Division is required to make a decision for them, and he must post his decision in the Requests category for everybody to see how he settled it. The president should not let disputes go on for more than a month, unless the proposals are so complicated that the ministers need more time for research and revisions.

By giving the Economic Ministers the authority to reject requests, they are in a similar role as consumers of a free enterprise system because they indirectly determine which products to produce. The ministers could also be described as having the role of business executives who determine which tools, machines, lightbulbs, desks, and computers to provide their employees. The ministers could also be described as having the role of parents who decide whether to grant the requests of their children.

The economic ministers determine the products by authorizing or rejecting the requests. Furthermore, and more important, they must make decisions according to what is best for society, not according to what they personally like. This requires they consider what would be best for the City Elders, rather than what the public wants.

When a minister rejects a request, he must post his reasoning in the Requests category as a reply to the request. Ministers cannot make verbal or secretive decisions. This allows us to pass judgment on which of them are making the most intelligent decisions, and providing us with the most intelligent analyses.
More information about this type of checks and balances is described farther down here.

The free enterprise systems and the democracies do not hold anybody accountable for the material items they produce. This allows businesses to produce defective, worthless, and dangerous products.

As a result of that anarchy, some citizens have formed organizations, such as Consumer Reports, to provide reviews and complaints. When the Internet became popular, many citizens began posting product reviews. However, no business is required to respond to any of the product reviews or fix any of their problems.

An example is that one of the manufacturers of CNC milling machines, Southwestern Industries, created a machine in the 1990s, the Prototrack MX3, that had some software errors, but instead of fixing the problem, they told their customers that the problem was due to the CAD/CAM systems they were using. This resulted in me, and undoubtedly other people, getting complaints from their customers that our software was not creating proper CNC programs. And that was not the only CNC manufacturer who refused to fix their software errors.

In every culture today, automobiles and airplanes seem to be the only products that manufacturers are under pressure to fix problems with.

By comparison, this Constitution makes the ministers responsible for every product that they request. The ministers are expected to do give a "product performance review" to the products that they request. After a product has been in use for months or years, the minister should analyze the effect that has had on society to ensure that it has truly been beneficial, or whether it should be altered or terminated.

Citizens are also encouraged to analyze products and post a "product performance review" in the Suggestions category, and they will get credit for identifying products that should be improved or terminated.

A free enterprise system provides consumers with such an excessive variety of products, most of which are trivial variations of one another, that consumers are almost always confused about which product to purchase. Many people spend days, or months, trying to figure out which automobile, refrigerator, drone, or computer to purchase. Businesses also spend a lot of time trying to figure out what type of equipment to purchase.

In order to reduce the time wasted trying to select items, the economic division is required to produce as few products as possible in order to reduce:

1) The confusion of consumers.
2) The use of labor and resources.
3) The amount of land that is needed for factories and garbage.

All government officials are judged according to the effect they have on society, not according to whether people like what they do. This allows the officials to ignore what people want, and provide the products and services that are truly beneficial to us.

One of the reasons that consumers and businesses are confused about which product to purchase is because all of the businesses are claiming to have produce the "best" product. None of the businesses give an honest description of the advantages and disadvantages of their product, or how it compares to the products of their competitors.

In order to improve upon the situation, the ministers are not permitted to create insignificant variations of products. Furthermore, every product must give a description of its purposes, advantages, and disadvantages with the other products so that people can easily determine what the product was designed for.

This concept is be especially useful with software because it is difficult for us to determine the advantages and disadvantages of software because software is intangible. For example, there are lots of different text-to-image software programs as of April 2024, and each of them gives a radically different image with the same prompt. Why is that? What is different about those software programs?

The ministers are required to ensure that software developers create software for specific purposes, and to describe their software in an honest manner. For example, one text-to-image software could be designed to give realistic architectural drawings; another could be designed for artistic images for our homes and businesses; and another could be designed to create images to illustrate educational books and videos.

The businesses in a free enterprise system provide consumers with almost anything they are willing to purchase, but the ministers must make decisions about what to provide the public according to what is most beneficial to society. This is not an easy task because we all have different desires, and there is no way to prove that one person's desires are the best.

The ministers have to make arbitrary decisions. For example, should a minister approve of a request to produce astrology predictions, statues of Jesus, alcoholic beverages, or pet products? Should a minister approve of a request to develop vegan meat, GMO foods, or herbicides? Should a minister approve of a request to create another color of lipstick, hair dye, or tattoo dye?

Making these decisions requires guessing at how a product will affect our lives and society. In some cases, the ministers will have to experiment by producing the product, and then observing the effect it has on us.

Their goal is to provide the city with the products and services that provide us with the most satisfying life. Unfortunately, a "satisfying" life is different for different people. Therefore, the ministers must find a way to deal with these arbitrary issues.

Rather than give the public what they want, this constitution requires the ministers to consider what would be best for the City Elders. The ministers cannot pander to the Elders, but they must consider what will provide them with the most pleasant life.

The City Elders will have a significant influence over the culture of the city, and that can cause the people who have different desires to feel as if they are ignored, or treated as second-class citizens. The people who cannot accept the culture of the city and become angry, rebellious, or violent must be evicted. This constitution does not promote pity for misfits.

By allowing different cities to have different culture, we can please more people, but there is no way to please everybody. The only solution to this problem is to reduce the diversity of the human race by controlling reproduction. We also need to set higher standards for the entire human race.

In order to become a economic minister, and especially the Economic President, a person must have had some success in passing judgment on which products and services are the most beneficial.

In order to allow citizens to build up a reputation for being successful with such a task, the citizens are encouraged to take the role of a minister by posting their analysis of requests, as if they were a minister who is passing judgment on it. The citizens post their analyses in the Suggestions category.

For example, assume the Neighborhoods Minister in the Social Division posts a request for a water fountain in front of a particular apartment building, and to install blue lights in the fountain and along its base, as in the image below.



The citizens are free to post their analysis of that request, as if they were a Minister in the Economic Division who has to decide whether to approve that request. However, the citizens cannot merely agree or disagree with the request. Rather, they must provide a intelligent analysis of the request.

For example, a citizen who has experience with electrical wiring might analyze the wiring diagram of the requested fountain, and he might post a suggestion such as:

The citizens who post analyses that are regarded as useful and intelligent will get credit for it, which will help them get certain jobs, such as a minister, or an official in one of the ministries.

Even if a citizen does not want to become a minister, or work in the government, having successes listed in his database entry will improve his reputation, which will cause people to become more receptive to his future suggestions. It will also improve his social credit score, which improves his chances of being approved for reproduction, and becoming one of the City Elders.

One of the advantages of the free enterprise system over government-controlled economic systems is that it provides everybody with the freedom to create a new business or products without getting approval from anybody. This allows a tremendous amount of experiments.

This constitution prohibits citizens from starting businesses. However, the citizens are encouraged to post proposals in the Suggestions category for new or modified products, or proposals to terminate a particular product.

Citizens can also post suggestions that a particular executive should be replaced. This option is especially useful for employees who become aware of the incompetence or dishonesty of their executive. Instead of being afraid to expose him, they will get credit for exposing him. The executives are city employees, not Kings or Queens, so they cannot retaliate against their employees.

If one of the Economic Ministers approves a citizen's proposal for a business or product, he has the authority to implement the proposal, just as if he had approved a request from a government official. However, if a minister in the Social Division, Women's Division, or other division approves the citizen's proposal, he must post a request in the Requests category because only the Economic Division can authorize businesses and products.

Likewise, only the Health Division can authorize health related proposals, and only the Social Division can authorize cultural changes. Therefore, if one of the Economic Ministers has an idea for a new holiday celebration, or if an Economic Minister approves of a citizen's proposal for a holiday celebration, that minister must post a request for it, and the ministers in the Social Division decide whether it will be authorized.

When a minister posts a request for an idea from a citizen, it will significantly increase the chances that it is approved because the ministers are expected to assume that a request from a minister has been more carefully analyzed by talented and experienced people. The ministers are to be more generous with requests from other ministers than they from citizens.

This system has the advantage over the free enterprise system that the citizens do not have to raise money to create or experiment with new businesses, products, or research programs. The citizens only have to come up with the idea, and the government will implement it for them.

Furthermore, this system gives citizens the ability to suggest the replacement of executives, which is an option that the free enterprise system doesn't provide. In a free enterprise system, if a person does not like the executive of a business, he must create a competing business, and then try to drive his competitor to bankruptcy. That was possible during the Middle Ages when there were only a few tiny businesses, but it is impractical today.

A free enterprise system gives the citizens dictatorial control over their businesses and ideas. For example, a citizen can give his business to one of his children, and the citizens can copyright and patent ideas. However, this Constitution puts everything in the public domain.

When a citizen posts a suggestion, or when a minister posts a request, he is giving his ideas to the human race. He does not have any control over what happens to his idea, and everybody is free to create an improved version of it.

For example, when an economic minister approves of a request from a citizen to create a new business, the citizen does not have the right to control the business. Rather, his idea belongs to the human race. The minister is not obligated to let the citizen become the executive of the new business, or get involved with any aspect of the business. Furthermore, the minister and other people are free to modify his idea and create a slightly different version of his business. He will get credit for coming up with the idea, and everybody who comes up with improvements will get credit, also.

All of the businesses work for the city, so nobody has to worry about businesses stealing their ideas, taking credit for their work, or cheating other businesses. The businesses share their technology, and everybody will get credit for his contributions. (This concept was described in a previous document here.)

The free enterprise system provides businesses with the freedom to keep their ideas and technology a secret from their competitors. That type of freedom is beneficial to a business, but it is detrimental to the human race because it makes it difficult for people to improve upon other people's ideas.

Even worse, it forces other businesses to develop technology that has already been developed. As technology becomes more advanced, this issue becomes increasingly significant. For example, when a business that develops robots is allowed to keep their technology and software a secret, then another business that wants to make a modification of that robot has to re-create every aspect of it, which requires decades of work from a lot of skilled people.

This constitution prohibits businesses from keeping technology a secret, except for temporary periods while they are developing it. All of the technology belongs to the human race, not to any business or individual. Therefore, everybody has the freedom to improve upon any technology without requesting permission from anybody.

For example, if a minister approves of a request to develop a robot to hunt and kill rats, then he will create two businesses to create that robot. Each business will have access to all of the robot technology that has been developed by other businesses. While they are developing the robot, they will keep their ideas a secret from one another, but after they have completed their task, both businesses must release their technology to the public.

If the minister believes that neither of their robots is advanced enough to put into production, then he could have the businesses repeat the cycle of developing the robot. Each business will then have access to the technology that the other business had developed in the previous cycle.

If the minister believes that one of the two businesses did not accomplish much of anything, he could terminate that business and create another, and then repeat the cycle.

By putting all of the technology in the public domain, businesses will not have to waste any time duplicating work that has already been done. This will allow small groups of people, including individual citizens, to take some highly advanced machine, robot, or software, and make a variation of it.

In a free enterprise system, businesses are the primary entity of the economy, and they can exist for centuries. For example, a construction business in Japan was created in the year 578, and a business in Germany that produces wine was created in 862, and both of them, and lots of others, still exist in 2024.

Businesses in a free enterprise system benefit by remaining in existence for a long time, and by having people become familiar with their business name and logo, but this Constitution creates an economic system in which many of the businesses are temporary associations of people. Furthermore, with this type of economic system, there is no benefit in having the public become familiar with the name of a business.

The ministers can create and dissolve businesses whenever they need to accomplish some task, such as conduct a new research program, or experiment with an improvement to a refrigeration unit.

The ministers can create a business for just one particular task, and after that task is complete, the employees in the business can either form another business, or separate into different businesses.

Only some of the businesses will be permanent, such as steel mills and factories. Those type of businesses have lots of complex equipment, and they need to produce items for centuries, so those businesses must survive longer than people. However, many other businesses can be temporary.

For example, the city needs one or more businesses to repair bicycles. A person who becomes the executive of a bicycle repair business will give his business a name, such as Bob's Bicycle Repair Shop. When he retires, is fired, or decides to get another job, the shop and all of the tools will remain where they are, and if there are any employees, they can remain working in the shop, but the "business" will vanish. The shop will have a new executive and a new business name.

In a free enterprise system, people want to purchase established businesses, and they want to keep the same business name in order to fool people into believing that nothing has changed with the business. However, with this economic system, deception is not tolerated. When a business gets a new executive, it is considered to be a new business.

This concept of creating temporary businesses to accomplish a task is happening on a regular basis. For example, when the parents of a large family decide to do some chores around the house, the parents might arrange for one or more children to work in a team on a particular chore, and when they are done, they dissolve that team and put the children together for a different team for a different chore. The parents do not waste their time on creating names or logos for the teams because the teams are informal and temporary.

Teams of students do not need names or logos, and do not need to exist for centuries.

Another example of this concept is when a school teacher organizes his students into teams to conduct an experiment, or research an issue. Those teams of students are informal organizations, and they do not need a name or logo, and there is no benefit to having the team exist for centuries.

This economic system puts emphasis on human life, not on businesses or profit. Businesses are created for the benefit of the people, so if there is no need for a business to exist for centuries, then it will be a temporary organization.

With this economic system, the employees of a business will not care about the "business". Every person is a city employee, and their goal is to do something useful for their city.The people are serving the city, themselves, their neighbors, and the human race, not a business, or the executive of a business.

The people are organized into businesses only because teams are needed to provide the complex products and services that we want today.

None of the businesses are allowed to have logos because logos don't serve any useful purpose in this type of economic system, and creating them is a waste of labor and resources.

Businesses are also forbidden from putting their business name on products. Products must be designed to be visually attractive, not to make us memorize business names or logos.

This includes prohibiting clothing items from displaying logos and company names. Clothing should be attractive and useful, not advertisements for a business or a clothing designer.

Furthermore, people do not have the freedom to give whatever name they please to their business, foods, sculptures, art, or products. The ministers have the authority to reject a name so that they can prevent businesses from creating lewd, confusing, unpleasant, and idiotic names, such as "Kum and Go" and Fuddruckers, and "Mother Fuddruckers mustard".

I suspect that the Amazon logo is a penis.

The Penn and Teller television program, Fool Us, created a trophy that emphasizes the F and U.

The people who dominate our economy, media, and government seem to have neurotic and obnoxious obsessions with sex. They are not providing good leadership.

In this economic system, a business is analogous to a department of a corporation, rather than an independent business. Therefore, they do not have anything similar to a Board of Directors. Instead, the ministers are responsible for the responsibilities that the Board of Directors dealt with.

The ministers create businesses for specific tasks, and they hire one executive for each business. The executive is required to accomplish the task that his business was created for. The executives do not have any authority to buy other businesses, merge with other businesses, sell a portion of their business, or fight with other business for employees.

The businesses are also prohibited from having anything similar to sales and advertising departments. They cannot promote themselves or their products. They are restricted to doing the work that their business was created to do.

Each business is a team of city employees who work for the city, not for themselves, the ministers, or the executives. The executives are city employees who manage their team. They do not have any control over the purpose of their business.

The ministers have control of the businesses, but not for their own personal benefit. Everything the ministers do has to be for the benefit of the city.

The ministers cannot operate in secrecy, so everybody will be able to see why the ministers are creating certain businesses and terminating others. The businesses belong to the city, so nothing about them is secretive, either. Everybody will be able to see the details of how the businesses operate, such as how much labor and resources each business is using, and why the ministers are hiring certain people to be executives, and firing others. Everybody is also encouraged to post suggestions on which executive or minister should be replaced for incompetence or dishonesty.

By comparison, the free enterprise system allows the Board of Directors, executives, investors, and other people to operate with tremendous secrecy, and we have no ability to remove the people who are incompetent or dishonest.

For example, in November 2023, Sam Altman was fired for secretive reasons from the Board of Directors of OpenAI, and a few days later he was reinstalled and other board members were fired, also for secretive reasons. By comparison, when a minister replaces an executive, he must post a document to explain why.

Requiring a minister to post a document to explain why he fired an executive might seem to be putting an unnecessary burden on the minister, but a minister should not fire an executive unless he has analyzed the executive and has come to the conclusion that he should be replaced. Therefore, all the minister has to do is give a brief description of his thoughts, which is very easy with speech-to-text software.

None of the businesses have anything similar to a Board of Directors, investors, sales departments, payroll departments, legal departments, or customer complaint departments, so the businesses will consist primarily of people who are doing "useful" work.

For example, if a minister had created a business that was similar to OpenAI, it would consist only of computer programmers and whoever they need to support them. And when the ministers create a business to develop a component for a robot, the business will consist only of the engineers and whatever other employees are needed for the development of the product.

The employees of a business focus on the task that their business was created for, and they do not have to worry about investors, customers, Board of Directors, sales, advertising, payroll, salaries, and other issues that are common in a free enterprise system.

In a free enterprise system, nobody needs permission to start a business or manufacture a new product. The free enterprise system gives everybody equal opportunity. This equality and freedom allows people with unusual ideas to become business leaders, and to experiment with new products and technology. This has resulted in a lot of useful products, and is one of the reasons that the free enterprise system has been more successful than other economic systems.

In order to create an economic system that is superior to the free enterprise system, we must ensure that everybody has opportunities to test their management abilities, and to investigate their ideas for new technology and products. Therefore, the ministers are required to be generous with requests for new businesses, products, research programs, and services. The ministers are also required to routinely replace the worst performing executive so that they are continuously allowing other people to test their abilities.

Requiring the ministers to be generous with new ideas and with giving people a chance to be an executive will result in a lot of failures, but we cannot be afraid of failures. We cannot have technical or social progress without failure because we do not have the intellectual ability to avoid mistakes.

People who are afraid to fail will not discover anything new. Instead of experimenting with new ideas and learning about the world and themselves, they will follow traditions, and that will give them a life in which every day is the same as the previous day.

There is nothing wrong with following traditions and keeping everything as it is, but some of us don't want that. Some of us want to learn about the world, develop new technology, and improve our culture.

We have to decide what we want for our lives. Do we want to follow traditions, or do we want to explore the universe? Since I am the only person writing this Constitution, and I want to explore the world, this Constitution advocates experiments and exploration. Therefore, we must expect failures, but unlike a free enterprise system, failures will be easy to deal with.

In a free enterprise system, failures can be devastating because they can result in people losing their investments or becoming unemployed. Failures also annoy consumers, such as when we purchase a product that is discontinued, or the business goes bankrupt, thereby leaving us without support, software updates, or spare parts.

By giving the ministers control of the economy, they can make the failures less annoying. For example, nobody becomes unemployed when a business fails because everybody is a city employee, so the people just get another job at another business, or another business is created for them. Even more important, nobody has to worry about losing their investment or their home because there is no money and everybody has free access to all material wealth.

One of the irritating and wasteful aspects of the free enterprise system is that businesses tend to put products on the market before they are adequately tested and developed. There have been so many people who have been annoyed by this that they wait for the second or third version of a product or software before they purchase it.

The reason businesses in a free enterprise system are likely to rush a product into production is because they benefit significantly by being the first to put a product on the market, and the reason for that is because most consumers have such a fear of the unknown that they prefer to purchase the items that they are familiar with, and from the businesses that they are familiar with. Therefore, the businesses want to be the first with a new product so that people become accustomed to their business name and product.

This constitution puts the ministers under the opposite pressure. They are in competition to be the most beneficial to society. Therefore, if one of them rushes a product into production that turns out to need further development, he will be considered incompetent for wasting labor and resources.

Another problem with the free enterprise system is that businesses try to titillate consumers with "new and improved" products. This results in businesses terminating products after only a few months or years, and replacing them with new products that are sometimes the same or worse than the previous product, or which have only trivial improvements. For example, the automobile companies create new models every year, and some businesses produce new variations of products every few months.

Since the ministers are competing to be the most beneficial to society, they have no desire to produce frivolous "new and improved" products. The ministers are in competition to produce products that are truly valuable, and to eliminate as many unnecessary products as possible. Therefore, they will authorize new models only when there is a benefit to society for doing so. This will result in many products remaining in use for years before a new model appears.

Another irritating and very wasteful aspect of the free enterprise system is that nobody can make plans for the future because nobody can control the economy. This also makes it impossible for the schools to prepare children for jobs in the future. For example, businesses could not make plans to replace film cameras with digital cameras, or to replace CRT monitors with LCD monitors.

The concept of phasing in new products is occurring within organizations of a free enterprise system. For example, when a corporation wants to update their computers, assembly lines, CNC machines, or cafeteria kitchen, the executives make plans to make the change in a manner that causes the least disruption to the business, and results in the least amount of wasted resources. If the new technology requires some of the employees to learn something new, then the managers arrange for training of those employees.

Since the ministers have total control of the economy, they are required to make plans to phase in new products in order to reduce the amount of wasted labor and resources, and to allow the schools to update their curriculum to prepare children for the upcoming jobs.

The failure of a business in a free enterprise system is so devastating that many people are afraid to work for businesses that have been recently established. Many people prefer to find a job at a business that has been in existence for decades.

Furthermore, many people are afraid to purchase products from newly established businesses because they worry that the product has not been adequately developed, or that the business will soon go bankrupt and they will not have spare parts for it. Many customers prefer to purchase products from businesses that have been established for a long time.

The fear of failure also results in investors being afraid to fund businesses and are producing new products. Most investors prefer to fund the proposals to create a variation of a product that is already successful. This results in investors funding businesses that are essentially duplicates of existing businesses, which wastes resources and labor on trivial variations of existing products. The result is that we have hundreds of insignificant variations of soaps and detergents, USB memory sticks, drones, cell phones, refrigerators, and baseball bats.

This constitution provides everybody with free homes and material items, so nobody has to fear the failure of a business. When a business fails, the executive will have that failure listed in his database entry, which will tarnish his image, so nobody will want a failure, but nobody have to fear homelessness or bankruptcy. The minister will either give the business a new executive, or dissolve the business and give the employees, equipment, supplies, and buildings to other businesses.

Nobody will fear getting a job in a newly established business, or be afraid to use one of their products.

The President of the Economic Division can replace a minister whenever he wants, but he must replace the most incompetent minister at least once every five years in order to give somebody else the opportunity to test his talents. This will also reduce the chances that the government become "stagnant". The citizens are also encouraged to post suggestions on which minister should be replaced.

The ministers can replace an executive whenever they want to, but every minister must replace the most incompetent executive at least once every five years. The citizens are also encouraged to post suggestions on which of the executives should be replaced.

In a free enterprise system, after a person gets funding for his business, he must search for and acquire a building, employees, equipment, and supplies. He must put a lot of time and effort into getting his business established, and the larger the business, the more time and effort it requires.

With this Constitution, the ministers handle the chore of getting a business established. They are in control of the entire economy, so they control all of the buildings, factories, supplies, and equipment. This makes it easy for the ministers to provide a new business with facilities, furniture, equipment, and supplies. It is similar to how the executives of a large corporation supply a new department with whatever equipment and supplies that it needs.

The ministers are responsible for hiring and firing the executive of a business, but each executive is responsible for hiring and firing his employees. However, if the ministers consider a business to be very important, they have the authority to pressure experienced employees of other businesses to switch to the new business on a full-time or part-time basis.

This allows the ministers to move the more talented employees to the tasks that are considered more useful. For example, if a talented technician is working in a business that is producing clothing items for children, and if a business that is producing robots needs a technician with his skill, than the ministers could pressure the technician to switch to the business that produces robots.

In a free enterprise system, businesses fight with each other for talented employees. The talented employees are often pestered by businesses that try to convince them to join their organization. By comparison, the ministers are responsible for preventing the businesses from fighting with each other, so none of the employees will be pestered by other businesses to quit their job.

A free enterprise system also allows headhunting businesses, but the ministers must justify every business as being beneficial to the city, so they cannot create anything similar to a headhunting business because those businesses are not beneficial to the city. Therefore, employees will not be pestered by those businesses.

Employees will be "pestered" only by ministers who want to move a talented employee to a more important business. However, the ministers cannot operate in secrecy, so when a minister wants to move an employee to another business, he must put his proposal in the Requests category. He cannot make a secretive or deceptive job offer, which is permitted in a free enterprise system. Everybody will be able to see the requests and pass judgment on whether the ministers are putting the most talented employees on the most beneficial projects, or wasting their talent on unimportant projects.

Allowing the ministers to request employees to move to a different business according to their talent will likely result in some employees feeling insulted that they are considered "less talented", but this constitution does not care about hurting people's feelings. Everybody is expected to regard disappointments as a regular aspect of life. There is no pity for people who have trouble dealing with disappointments.

The schools are required to teach children to analyze themselves, compare themselves to other people, and try to understand their talents and limitations. The people who believe that they are the best in everything are considered to be arrogant animals. Everybody should try to develop an accurate understanding of their talents, desires, and limitations. Everybody is expected to be capable of acknowledging that there are some people who are more talented in some physical and mental tasks.

In order to get a business established in a free enterprise system, a person has to acquire money, employees, land, equipment, and/or other resources, but all of those things are difficult to acquire. The end result is that most people start a business that is smaller than they want it to be, and they often have inadequate equipment, facilities, supplies, and employees. This can result in low quality products.

If the business makes a profit, the management will occasionally replace some of the inadequate equipment with better equipment, like a child replacing the clothing that he has outgrown. This allows the business to produce higher quality products, but it irritates the customers who bought the earlier, lower quality versions.

Since the ministers have dictatorial control of the economy, businesses do not have a childhood phase. They become "adults" immediately.

For example, if a minister approves the creation of a business to produce a new type of telephone, he will decide which of the vacant facilities in the city are appropriate for that business, and he will provide it with whatever high quality equipment and supplies are needed to produce the item properly and efficiently.

The ministers would be wasting society's resources if they gave the new businesses low-quality equipment and inadequate facilities because it would result in the businesses producing low-quality products. Furthermore, it requires producing low-quality equipment for the new businesses, and that requires engineers and other people to design and manufacture the low-quality equipment.

It is more sensible to produce only high quality equipment and supplies, and to provide new businesses with that high quality equipment so that they can produce high-quality products. If the business is terminated, their equipment will be useful for other businesses.

By eliminating the childhood of a business, the executive who is hired to manage the business doesn't have to waste any of his time trying to get the business established.

When a business fails in a free enterprise system, the equipment and supplies go through an inefficient and slow process of selling their equipment and supplies. Often this occurs through auctions.

With this constitution, every business is working for the city, and all of the equipment belongs to the city. When a business is terminated, the ministers either give the equipment to another business, or they put it a storage area until it is needed. Nobody is needed for auctions or sales, thereby eliminating those jobs. The ministers can transfer equipment from one business to another as efficiently as the manager of a corporation can transfer furniture from one department to another.

Growing tropical fruits in cold climates is more practical when greenhouses are placed near sources of waste heat.

The ministers have total control of the economy, land, and facilities of the city, so they decide where a business is located. This allows them to do things that are impossible in a free enterprise system.

For example, they can arrange for greenhouses to be near to the factories, power plants, and other facilities that produce waste heat, thereby significantly reducing, or eliminating, the energy needed to keep the greenhouses warm.

The greenhouses could be used to grow tropical fruits, or as a botanical garden of tropical plants.

The ministers are also able to completely eliminate a problem that every existing society is suffering from. Specifically, the haphazard arrangement of buildings that result in homes and schools that are located near noisy factories, airports, sewage plants, and dangerous chemicals.

Another example of what the ministers can do is arrange for several restaurants, lounges, and other facilities to use the same air processing unit. Instead of providing every business with its own, small, air cooler, furnace, or heat pump, the minister could arrange for a larger, more efficient unit to provide heating and cooling to a group of buildings, or to an entire neighborhood.

That would also make it more practical to provide a much higher quality air filter so that more of the dust, insects, and pollen can be removed. In addition to reducing the problems with allergies, that much cleaner air would reduce the amount of work needed to clean dust and insects from the buildings.

Some people complain that many of the modern office buildings don't allow windows to be opened, but by providing the apartments and offices with extremely clean, temperature controlled air, it would be better to have the windows sealed shut in order to reduce the amount of dust, insects, and pollen that gets into the buildings. When we want fresh air, we can ride an elevator to the ground floor and walk outside into the parks and gardens.

Labor and resources are limited, and in a free enterprise system, the decisions of what to produce are determined by consumers. This Constitution makes the ministers responsible for those decisions, and they are required to make decisions according to what provides the people, mainly the City Elders, with the most satisfying life, rather than according to what people want.

The ministers can authorize businesses that consumers do not want but which the ministers believed are important for our lives, and they can prohibit businesses that they regard as detrimental, even if people want them.

For example, some people want businesses to provide strip clubs, alcoholic beverages, or bullfights. The ministers decide which businesses to authorize, not the consumers, or the executives of the businesses. Since every city is allowed to have different culture, it is likely that one city will authorize businesses that another city is prohibiting.

The ministers are also able to authorize businesses that would be uneconomical in a free enterprise system, and this requires that they make a decision on when they are putting "too much" labor and resources into a product.

For example, during the 1950s businesses switched to growing the Cavendish bananas because a fungus destroyed most of the Gros Michel crops. We can produce Gros Michel bananas in sealed, sterile greenhouses, but that would make the bananas very expensive. Likewise, greenhouses would allow us to produce strawberries without pesticides, and at all times of the year, but they would be expensive strawberries.

Should we put labor and resources into greenhouses? If so, should we create a lot of those greenhouses to provide ourselves with a lot of those special crops, or should we have only a few greenhouses to provide us with a small amount of the crops as occasional treats? Or would we get more benefit by putting our labor and resources into some other projects?

How do we determine when our bananas, strawberries, bicycles, clothing items, restaurants, social clubs, city plazas, and other items are "too expensive" or "too beautiful"? How do we determine if our swimming pools and public bathrooms are too sanitary, spacious, or decorative? Would we "waste" our resources if we made lots of decorative, elevated bicycle paths that allow sunlight to get through to the plants, as in the image below?



A free enterprise system resolves these issues according to how consumers and investors spend money, and this results in enormous amounts of money for Hollywood movies, churches, television programs, alcohol, marijuana, gambling casinos, state lotteries, pet products, sports events, cosmetics, candy, toys, jewelry, sexual pornography, large homes, and other types of entertainment and status products.

A free enterprise system gives us what we want without any concern for its value to our lives. The only concern of a free enterprise system is profit. There is no concern for the quality of human life. The free enterprise system is based on the false theory that everybody is a genius who knows what he needs, and that the businesses should pander to the geniuses.

By comparison, this constitution is based on the theory that our emotional desires were designed for a prehistoric era, and that none of us understand the human mind well enough to know what will provide us with the most pleasant and satisfying life. Therefore, we need to experiment with ourselves.

Furthermore, this constitution believes that the majority of people are of average or below-average in intelligence, so they cannot make "intelligent" decisions about how to spend their life. In addition, most people don't have much awareness or self control of their emotions, so they tend to make decisions according to their emotional desires and fears, which results in a lot of idiotic and sometimes detrimental decisions. The majority of people need guidance; they should not determine which products to produce, or who should be elected to the government, or what our culture should be.

This constitution requires the Ministers to experiment with our culture, just like a farmer experiments with the environment of his animals and plants. The ministers must ignore what the people want and judge his experiments according to the effect they have on people's lives.

The goal of the government is to keep us in the best health, reduce the number of elderly people who regret their life, and increase the number of elderly people who enjoy reminiscing about their life and singing some variation of Armstrong's wonderful world.

An example of how the ministers can do something to improve our health, which would be difficult to do in a free enterprise system, is that instead of having bicycle paths that intersect one another, and which have bicycles traveling in both directions, they could create some paths that are one direction only, and create bridges for the paths to cross over one another, as in the image below.



That would improve human life and health by reducing the number of accidents, and it would make riding a bicycle more pleasant and relaxing by eliminating the concern of colliding with bicycles that are coming from other directions. We would spend less time watching out for other bicycles and more time enjoying the scenery and the people that we are riding with.

Those bicycle paths would be more expensive to build, but would they be a waste of our resources?

Likewise, it would be more pleasant to have elevated foot paths in the forest so that we can walk around the forest without being irritated by mud, thorns, ticks, and snakes. That would also prevent us from destroying the vegetation. We could also make the paths with decorative pieces of wood, tiles, and rocks.



Elevated foot paths and bicycle paths that pass through the flowering trees would allow us to walk and ride bicycles among the flowers, rather than look up at them from the ground. The AI software doesn't understand that concept, but one of its attempts to show an elevated path through blooming Jacaranda and cherry trees, below, might help you imagine a city with those type of paths.



It would be expensive to provide a city with a large network of elevated foot paths and bicycle paths, and it would be expensive to make the paths with decorative rocks and tiles. However, it is also expensive to provide a city with a variety of pet products, state lotteries, lipsticks, jails, Hollywood movies, and churches. It is also expensive to send our military around the world to bomb other nations, and to support and defend Israel.

What will provide us with the best life? Will we get more satisfaction from by providing the city with so many different styles of gardens, creeks, footpaths, and bicycle paths that never get bored by wandering around the city?



Would we be wasting our resources to provide a city with lots of ponds, flowering trees, grass, swimming pools, and gazebos?



Or would we get more satisfaction from life by putting our resources into developing better sex robots, having more vacations to "exotic" destinations, developing faster F1 race cars, increasing the variety of acrylic fingernails, or mining more diamonds for jewelry? Or would it be better to put our resources into developing more advanced sports stadiums or carbon fiber golf clubs?

The only way to determine what type of culture will provide us with the most satisfying life is to find the courage to experiment with our culture, and to look critically at how it is affecting our lives.

Furthermore, and more important, since we have different ideas on what is a "satisfying" life, we must decide who we want to please. This issue is discussed in the section about diversity and the concept of City Elders.

It would be so expensive to produce strawberries, pineapples, or bananas in a sterile greenhouse that the Food Minister might decide to create only one greenhouse to provide a small number of Gros Michel bananas as a "treat", and to import all of the other tropical fruits.

In a free enterprise system, items that are in short supply are divided up by increasing the price until the number of people willing to purchase the item matches the number of items for sale.

With this constitution, however, everybody is equal in regards to their wealth and status, and nobody uses money. Therefore, the ministers must divide scarce resources in some other manner, such as rationing the scarce items.

Modern computers and tracking software make rationing very easy because the computers can keep track of the scarce resources, and who has had access to them. The computers will dramatically reduce the number of people who are needed to ration resources, and nobody will have to be bothered with ration coupons, as was common during World War II.

There are different ways of using computers to ration items. For the scarce items that people tend to eat as snacks, such as bananas, a computer could restrict each person to only one, or to a certain weight. Once everybody has had their opportunity for a banana, the computer would clear its list and repeat the cycle.

A computer could also ration items by restricting the quantity that is distributed to the restaurants. For example, there might not be enough fresh lamb chops to serve all of the restaurants that want them. Therefore, the computer would provide one restaurant with the lamb chops, and on another evening the computer would provide another restaurant with lamb chops, and so on.

A person could easily cheat that system by going to whichever restaurant is serving the scarce items that he wants, but with tracking and facial recognition software, computers would be able to identify those people, and they could be put on restrictions, or evicted.

Which methods are the best for dealing with scarce resources? There is no answer to that question. Everybody is encouraged to post their suggestions, and each person who comes up with a useful idea would get credit for it, even if it is quickly improved upon by somebody else.

Some businesses need equipment only occasionally, such a wheat farm that needs harvesting equipment for only a few weeks during the summer, or a factory that only occasionally needs to use a CNC milling machine, 3D printer, bulldozer, or forklift.

In a free enterprise system, a business that needs to use a piece of equipment only occasionally will pay some other business to provide the service for them, but that is inefficient, time-consuming, and frustrating to both the business that needs the service, and the businesses that provide the service.

For example, if a metal part breaks in a piece of machinery, a business that does not have its own CNC milling machine will pay a machine shop to make a replacement part for them. This requires the business to find machine shops that can do the work, and then asking each of them to provide a price and delivery date. Each of those machine shops must then analyze the request and respond with a proposal to do the work. The business then has to analyze all of the proposals and make a decision on what to do.

That process requires a lot of time and labor, and since only one of the machine shops will get the job, all of the others will have wasted their time.

With this constitution, the situation becomes much easier because all of the businesses are working for the city, and none of the businesses have an incentive to cheat because there is no money in the economy. Therefore, it is easy for the ministers to allow businesses to share the seldom used equipment, and to provide one another with services.

Using the previous example of a business that needs a machine shop to make a replacement part, an employee of the business would describe the part in the same manner as he would do for a free enterprise system. However, instead of sending the request for the part to several machine shops and asking for a quote on the price and delivery date, he would post a description of what he wants in a list of Requests for Work that the Economic Division provides for businesses.

The machine shops and other businesses that provide services to other businesses would occasionally look at that list to see what the businesses are requesting, and if a business had the time, machinery, and experience to do the job, they would respond by posting a message that they can do the job, and they would give an estimate of when they could have it completed.

This concept is similar to the Internet site that the US government uses to post listings of work they want done, often referred to as RFQs. The difference is that when businesses respond to an RFQ, they do so secretly, and they have no idea which other businesses are also responding, and what their response is. Since the process is secretive, it is easy for businesses and government officials to cheat  in a variety of ways. (The RFQs are also mentioned farther down in this document.)

Since this Constitution prohibits secrecy, a business responds to a request by posting a comment to it in which they explain when they can do the job. Everybody would be able to see their response, and that allows other businesses to determine whether they want to bother responding.

If a business can create the part faster because they have less work to do at the time, then they could post a response in which they explain that they can complete the job faster because they are not as busy.

Since none of the businesses are able to keep secrets, every business can find out what equipment and employees the other businesses have. This allows a business to post a comment to explain that they have the experience and/or equipment to do a better job.

The concept of businesses behaving in this manner would be bizarre for a free enterprise system but, with this Constitution, the businesses are analogous to departments of a corporation. The businesses are working for the city, and they compete to be the most useful to the city. Therefore, they don't want to do jobs that they cannot do properly, and they don't want to hurt other businesses or fight with them. They want to impress the ministers and the city residents with their accomplishments.

This type of economic system also allows businesses to share their materials and equipment. For example, if a business needs a machined part, and if one of their employees is an experienced machinist, he would be allowed to go to a machine shop that has the appropriate supplies and equipment, and do the work himself. That would be analogous to an employee of IBM going to a Toyota factory to use one of their pieces of equipment to make a part for IBM, and using some of the supplies in the Toyota stockroom.

All of the supplies and equipment belongs to the city, rather than to a business, so everybody is free to use any equipment in the city, as long as they have the experience and license to use the equipment.

Each business has to keep track of their use of labor and resources, so if an employee were use some supplies from another company, his company would record that in the same manner as if he got the supplies from the city, and the company that he took the supplies from would record it as giving the supplies back to the city.

Likewise, if a business needs a forklift temporarily, and if one of their employees knows how to use a forklift, then he could use any of the forklifts in the city that are available, and give it back when he's finished.

All of the forklifts, and all other equipment, belong to the city, not to any of the businesses. When a business uses a forklift, computers can easily keep track of the number of hours that it is used so that the ministers can determine the resources that each business is using, and to arrange for maintenance. Therefore, when a company borrows a forklift, it would be recorded as the company using that particular city forklift for a certain amount of time.

The ability to share equipment would be especially useful for farmers because they need complex equipment only for temporary periods of time. If every farmer has to have his own equipment, he also needs storage areas for it, which is a waste of land.

It is more sensible for the Food Minister to provide the farmers with high-quality equipment that they share. In that case, the food ministry would work with the farmers when they want to plant crops so that they can share the seed planting machinery in an efficient manner. When they want to harvest crops, the food ministry would arrange for them to share the harvesting equipment in an efficient manner.

Another option is for the minister to create some businesses to operate the complex and seldom used equipment for all of the farmers. With that option, the Food Ministry would work with the farmers to have a business operate the machinery to plant seeds for them, and when it is time to harvest the crops, the Food Ministry would work with the farmers to have a business operate the harvesting machinery. When the farmer determines that he needs fertilizer, he can request the food ministry to send a business to fertilize the fields for him.

With that option, the farmers don't have to know how to use the combines and other equipment. They only have to watch over their fields and make the decisions of how to take care of the crops, and when to call for a business to provide fertilizer, remove weeds, or harvest crops.

By sharing equipment, less equipment is needed, thereby reducing the amount of equipment that has to be produced and maintained, and reducing the amount of land that is needed for storage of equipment.

Furthermore, since the city owns all of the buildings and land in the city, the ministers could use the basements of office buildings, factories, and apartment buildings for the storage of seldom used equipment and supplies. That will reduce the amount of land that is wasted on the storage of seldom used equipment, thereby providing more land for recreation.

Another option that the ministers have is to arrange businesses that need certain types of equipment, such as bulldozers, forklifts, or 3D printers, to be located near one another so that they can easily share the equipment.

The ministers could also apply this concept to restaurants. All of the restaurants belong to the city, and all of the executives who operate the restaurants are city employees. This allows the ministers to design restaurants so that they share equipment and supplies.

This allows the restaurants to be much more efficient, quiet, and pleasant for both customers and employees. For example, when several restaurants are placed side-by-side, the ministers do not have to provide each restaurant with its own refrigerator and freezer. Instead, the restaurants could share a large, efficient refrigeration unit or heat pump, and it could be placed outside of the restaurants so that it could use the atmosphere or a river for cooling.

That outdoor refrigeration unit would pump a cold liquid, such as a mixture of water and ethyl alcohol, into the restaurants to provide refrigeration and freezing without any noise, and without adding heat to the kitchens. It would also allow technicians to maintain, repair, and replace the refrigeration unit without getting in the way of the people in the kitchen.

No society today would allow ethyl alcohol to be used for refrigeration unless it was contaminated with some type of poison, but this constitution advocates setting higher standards for people, and not having any pity for the misfits. Therefore, instead of being concerned about people getting drunk on the alcohol, we only have to worry about whether its flammability or vapors would be unsafe for a particular application.

Another option that the ministers have is to make a refrigeration unit for the restaurants that is so large that it can provide cooling air for the restaurants during the summer, or to provide cooling or refrigeration to other facilities in the area. That would further reduce the number of air-conditioning and refrigeration units the city needs to produce and maintain.

Doctors and dentists can be located in offices that allow them to easily share the CT scanners, x-ray machines, and other expensive equipment. That makes it much more practical to provide them with the most advanced equipment possible.

Likewise, instead of providing each restaurant with their own small dishwashing unit, they could share a much larger, more efficient, and higher quality dishwashing unit, similar to the unit in the photo to the right.

Instead of loading a dishwasher, the restaurant employees would put the dirty dishes into trays, and the trays would be sent to the dishwashing unit.

By designing the restaurant to be easy for robots to travel around, robots could do the chore of putting dirty dishes into trays and carrying the trays to and from the dishwasher. The robots could put the trays of clean dishes into shelves in the kitchens, rather than remove the dishes from the trays and put the dishes on cupboards. When clean dishes are needed, the people, or the robots, would remove them from the trays rather than from cupboards.

It would also be possible for a group of restaurants to share one, large kitchen, even though each restaurant would be producing a different type of meal. It would be similar to the large kitchens that some businesses have for their employees to experiment with recipes.

As long as the kitchens are large enough to allow employees to work without bothering one another, a large kitchen would have the advantage of providing all of the people with access to the same spice cabinets, ovens, refrigeration units, and other equipment.

Sharing a kitchen has the advantage of reducing the amount of wasted food. For example, instead of providing each restaurant with spices, a cluster of restaurants would share a spice rack, thereby using the spices at a faster rate, which reduces degradation.

This concept would be especially useful when robots are preparing meals because the robots would be able to access the same food items while producing different meals, thereby going through the food items at a more rapid pace.

Since the city owns the restaurants, and the people are employees of the city, and the restaurants cannot fight with each other for customers, there is no concern among the restaurants to keep their food items, kitchen equipment, or other supplies separated from the other restaurants.

This concept is similar to how everybody in a large family shares the same refrigerator, kitchen cabinets, spices, and knives.

The restaurants could also be designed to make it easy for the employees and robots to dispose of food waste into bins that are transported to the farms to feed black soldier fly larva, pigs, chickens, and other farm animals.

Although the people do not use money, every product can have a price in order to make it easier for the government officials to manage the economy. The prices of items would be used just like they are in a free enterprise system; specifically, to determine the efficiency of a business, and to determine which products are too expensive to produce.

However, since the prices are only for managing the economy, they can be set according to what is most beneficial to the human race, rather than according to the true labor and resources required to produce the product. Furthermore, a particular item could have more than one price depending upon what it is used for.

A simple example is that mercury is poisonous, so the government could set the price of mercury to be much higher than it would be in a free enterprise system in order to discourage its use. However, in order to avoid inhibiting scientific progress, the price of mercury could be set to a realistic price if it is intended for a scientific experiment.

Businesses in a free enterprise system cannot have different prices according to how a person uses the product, but with this constitution, prices are only for administrative purposes, so the government has a lot of options that are impossible in a free enterprise system.

Another example of how prices can be set to benefit the human race is that unskilled labor could be given a high price, which is the opposite of what happens in a free enterprise system. The free enterprise system causes businesses to prefer unskilled laborers and illegal immigrants rather than robots and machines.

By setting the price of unskilled labor to be higher than it "should be", the government can discourage those jobs. Furthermore, they can also set the cost of undesirable labor at a high cost. For example, the jobs that we regard as monotonous, or which encourage such medical problems as carpal tunnel syndrome, could be given a high price to discourage those jobs.

In a free enterprise system, the people who create or repair buildings must purchase all of the supplies that they need, but they usually must purchase more than they actually need. For example, they might need a piece of wood or some floor tiles, but the retail stores sell the wood in specific sizes, and they sell floor tiles in packages, thereby requiring the person to purchase more than he needs.

The unused pieces of wood and floor tiles are often discarded in the trash because it is impractical in a free enterprise system to sell small amounts of scrap. It is also impractical for the retail stores to purchase the scraps because it requires they pay somebody to make judgments on the value of the scraps, and figure out a price for the scraps, and have enough retail space to put the scraps.

However, the economic division does not buy or sell anything, so the people who create and repair buildings can take what they need, and put back what they don't use. Nobody needs to waste any time on purchasing or selling items, or setting prices.

Many businesses in a free enterprise system save some of their scraps in the hope that they can use some of them in a future job, but that requires each business to set aside some area for their scraps. Since every business has its own small, scrap pile, and they do not share scraps with one another, it's not as efficient as what this Constitution provides, which is that all businesses give the scraps back to the city, and everybody has access to all of them.

This problem also occurs with individual citizens. We often save items that we think we might use in the future, but most of those items are never used, and sometimes what we have in storage is what somebody else could use. Many citizens also have containers of nails, bolts, screwdrivers, and other items and tools that they rarely use.

With this constitution, nobody owns anything other than a few personal items, so when we don't need a particular product, tool, or component, we give it back to the city and everybody has access to it. We do not have to store items in our home.

As robots and AI software becomes more advanced, the robots will be able to maintain a database of the scrap pieces of wood, metal, etc., and when somebody needs a small amount of materials, the robots can look through the database of scraps to see if any of them are the appropriate material and size, and then get it out of storage.

Another problem with the free enterprise system is that there are so many incompatibilities with equipment that some products are packaged with options. For example, several years ago a computer mouse often had an adapter for a USB port or a 9 or 25 pin connector, and some people didn't need either of the adapters, so they were discarded in the trash.

The free enterprise system also wastes labor and resources by providing people with accessories that they don't need. For example, packages of earbuds have several different sizes of silicone tips, and some shirts come with extra buttons. The extra items are usually discarded in the trash.

Tools are also wasted. For example, some packages of furniture that customers must assemble come with a hex key, which only some of us need, and which are often discarded in the trash after the item has been assembled.

The Economic Division is required to find a way to deal with these issues with less waste. For example, instead of putting a variety of tips in a package of earbuds, the earbuds would be separate from the tips, and the person selects only the tips that he needs.

Likewise, instead of including tools for the items that need to be assembled, a person would pick up whatever tools he needs, and when he is finished with them, he gives them back to the retail store so that they can be reused. Eventually robots will be able to bring the tools to the person, and take them back when he is finished.

The economic division can also use unrealistic prices in order to encourage recycling. For example, the materials that are more difficult to recycle, such as rubber that has been reinforced with fiberglass, could be given an artificially high price to encourage engineers to use materials that are easier to recycle.

The three divisions of the Operations Branch control the city, but they are independent of one another, and they are equal to one another in authority, so none of the three Presidents are submissive to the others.

Each division has a different role in the city to prevent any of them from having total control of the city. However, since they are all working for the same city, they will sometimes find their tasks overlapping or interfering with one another, so the Presidents will sometimes have to work together and compromise on policies.

As mentioned at the beginning of this document, the ministers have the authority to reject requests. Since some projects require the participation of more than one ministry, this can result in some ministries approving a request and others rejecting it.

For example, one of the functions of the Leisure Minister of the Social Division is to design swimming pools for the city, but they don't have the authority to operate the factories, bulldozers, or other types of manufacturing facilities or equipment to build or maintain the pools. The Construction Ministry of the Economic Division is the only division that has the authority to build the pools, and other ministries produce the components for the plumbing and other equipment for the pool. With the pool below, the Mining Ministry would produce the large rocks for the pool.

However, the Neighborhoods Ministry of the Social Division is responsible for the layout of the city, so the Neighborhoods Minister might complain that the design of the pool doesn't fit the design of the neighborhood, or that it is too large or too small, or that the moisture from the pool will be a nuisance to some of the buildings next to it.

If any of the ministers rejects the proposal, then the ministers will have to work out a compromise, or complain to a presidents to resolve the issue.

The Presidents are required to observe the disputes going on between the divisions, and when the divisions have trouble compromising on solutions, the Presidents have the authority to resolve the issue. Since there are only three presidents, there will never be a tie when they vote on what to do.

The Health and Social divisions will frequently send requests to the Economic Division, but the Economic Division will not send many requests to other government divisions.

The Health division is concerned with the mental and physical health of the people, and they will occasionally request the Economic Division to provide them with equipment or supplies for the doctors, teachers, and other people that they supervise.

The Social division is concerned with the activities of the people and the artistic aspects of the city, and they will frequently request the Economic Division to create products, art, or facilities for activities.

However, the Economic Division will rarely want to send requests to the Health or Social divisions. They are likely to send a request only when they discover something as a result of their engineering or scientific work.

For example, while some scientists are doing research on a medical issue, they may conceive of a more accurate method to analyze a person's heart that might be small enough for a smartwatch. Since the Economic Division does not have the authority to authorize research programs, they would post a document to explain their discovery, and the Medical Ministry would consider whether it would be useful in a medical device, and if so, what type of device. If the Medical Ministry agrees, then they will post a request for a research program to develop or investigate it.

The concept of ministries posting requests to one another is similar to the concept of the US government creating requests (RFQs and RFPs) for products and services. However, there are significant differences between those RFQs and the requests that the ministries post:

•	Some of the requests from the US government are secretive, such as certain projects for the CIA or the military, so none of the businesses or citizens can pass judgment on whether the government is making sensible requests.
•	All of the responses from businesses are secretive, so none of the businesses or citizens can pass judgment on whether the businesses are responding in a sensible manner, or trying to cheat the government.
•	Since businesses are not held accountable for anything they do, many of them provide deceptive responses, such as promising to complete a project with less money and time than they believe they need. This results in businesses frequently requesting more time and money in order to complete the project.
•	The relationship between the government and the businesses is similar to that between a wealthy man and a group of prostitutes. The businesses pander to the government rather than be honest. The businesses will give the government whatever it wants, even if the business regards it as idiotic or impractical.

By comparison, the Economic Division is not subservient to the other divisions, so it has no incentive to pander to the other divisions, or make promises that it cannot keep. Instead, they have the authority to complain that the other divisions are requesting something that is too complicated, unrealistic, or idiotic.

Also, all of the ministers are held accountable for what they do, and cannot operate in secrecy, so none of them want to develop a bad reputation. They will be under pressure to provide the most intelligent analyses, suggestions, and guidance.

Every minister is held accountable for his requests, so each of them will want to create requests that are beneficial. To ensure that they are making sensible requests, they have the option to first request an analysis of their idea before making a request to implement the idea.

For example, the Leisure Minister might like the idea of building some elevated and decorative bicycle and foot paths in the forest surrounding the city, but he may not have any understanding of the engineering work required to design the paths, or the labor and resources required to build and maintain them, so it would be foolish for him to request the building of the paths. It would be more sensible for him to first post a request to do an analysis of the concept for the purpose of determining what would be practical.

An analysis of an idea might show that the concept  is idiotic, but it's better to fail with an analysis than to fail with the implementation of an idea because an analysis is not so wasteful. Therefore, if a minister is not certain about the value of an idea, he will risk less damage to his reputation by requesting an analysis of it.

Since every minister is independent and of equal authority, there will often be times when requests are rejected by a minister, but the requesting minister insists that it is a sensible request.

Those two ministers could argue over the issue for years, thereby accomplishing nothing. To prevent that type of stalemate, the presidents are required to settle disputes between ministers. When one president believes that an argument has gone on long enough, all three of the presidents will get together to resolve the issue, and since there are only 3 presidents, there will never be a tie when they vote on what to do. This will allow all disputes to be resolved rather than continue indefinitely.

The minister that the president's rule against will have a failure listed in his database entry. Therefore, it is in the best interest of the ministers to settle their disputes without having to get the presidents involved.

The presidents have to post their decisions in the Explanations category, so they will want to ensure that they are making sensible decisions.

It is not easy for a minister to determine whether he should authorize or reject a request. It is a judgment that he is to make based on what he assumes will provide the people with the  most satisfying life. The ministers cannot be expected to make "perfect" decisions. However, they are expected to observe the results of their decisions, and alter or terminate the policies that are not as beneficial as expected. Batteries and lollipops are two examples of how confusing and complicated these decisions can be:

Example #1: Batteries

Batteries are becoming increasingly common. In addition to phones and laptop computers, many of the modern tools need batteries, and we also need batteries for a variety of electric recreational vehicles, such as bicycles, drones, scooters, diver propulsion vehicles, boats, and four wheeled vehicles.

In a free enterprise system, the inability to coordinate the businesses results in possibly thousands of batteries of different sizes and shapes, charging requirements, and voltages. They also have different connecting devices and different chargers. To make the situation more absurd, some businesses are designing products with batteries that cannot be replaced.

Since the ministers have total control of the economy, they will be able to control the design of batteries and electric devices. The ministers have a lot of options that are impractical or impossible in a free enterprise system.

For example, they can require the engineers to try to use an existing battery and battery charger rather than design a new one, and they can require all batteries to be replaceable.

They can also reduce the variety of different types of batteries in order to reduce the confusion on how to use them. For example, there are lots of "experts" on batteries claiming that some types of lithium-ion batteries should not be fully charged or fully discharged, but the experts disagree with one another on the details.

Furthermore, almost nobody knows which type(s) of lithium-ion battery they have their phone, laptop computer, power tools, electric bike, or other device, so the advice on how to charge them is of no value. Furthermore, if a person knew what type of batteries he has, and if they each required different charging policies for maximum life, it would be irritating for him to keep track of all of those differences.

The ministers can reduce this problem by demanding that the engineers who design batteries reduce the variety so that there is less confusion about how to maintain the optimum health of the batteries.

By demanding the engineers reduce the variety of batteries, the engineers will have to make compromises on the design of their products, so the ministers have to make decisions on when it is more beneficial to force the engineers to use an existing battery rather than create a unique battery.

The ministers also have the option of telling the engineers to design a product so that the user can rapidly replace the battery with a fully charged battery. Most of the power tools that carpenters use have batteries that can be rapidly replaced, but it is not common for laptop computers, cell phones, electric bicycles, or other devices.

With this constitution, nobody owns a bicycle, phone, laptop computer, drone, or electric scooter, or any of the batteries. Therefore, it becomes practical to design these devices with batteries that can be rapidly replaced. Since all of the batteries are free, nobody has to worry about somebody stealing their battery, so the products can be designed to make batteries easily replaceable.

When a person wants to ride an electric bicycle, he would pick up a bicycle at a retail store and ride away. In the future, he would be able to ask a robot to deliver the electric bicycle to him. If the battery loses power, he could stop at any retail store and swap out the battery quickly, or ask a robot to bring him a new battery.

Likewise, if a person wanted to take a drone out into the forest, he could take a few batteries with him, and swap them out as they ran out of power. He would give the drone and the batteries back to the city when he's finished.

People would also be able to swap out the batteries in their phone when they pass by a phone store. Eventually phones could have the option to automatically send a request to a robot to bring a replacement battery when it goes low, in which case a robot would deliver a battery to a person without him realizing he needed it.

Example #2: Lollipops

In a free enterprise system, businesses will produce whatever type of lollipops that they can make a profit from, but this Constitution requires the ministers to make a decision about lollipops, and to make that decision according to what they think will provide us with the most pleasant life. The ministers will have to consider:

1)	Benefits and disadvantages. The only benefit of lollipops is that they provide us with some momentary emotional titillation as a result of the sugar. The disadvantages are that they increase tooth decay and health problems, cause us to become accustomed to excessively sweet foods, require us to put some of our labor and resources into manufacturing and distributing lollipops. Furthermore, not many people are interested in having the job of making or distributing lollipops. Does the momentary pleasure outweigh the disadvantages?
2)	The alternatives. Even if the benefits of a product outweigh its disadvantages, that does not justify authorizing it. The government officials must also consider whether there are alternatives that would provide more benefits, or fewer disadvantages. A lot of items could be considered an alternative to a lollipop, such as candy bars, chocolate bars, pastries, pies, granola bars, and dried mango pieces. Therefore, the ministers must consider whether one of the alternatives would provide greater benefits or fewer disadvantages than the lollipops.
3)	Restrictions. A minister can authorize the production of a product but put restrictions on its availability or use. In the case of lollipops, a minister might authorize their production only for special occasions, such as certain holiday celebrations, or limit them to people who have been involved with physical activities, or prohibit young children from having access to them.

A free enterprise system resolves these issues without any supervision by letting consumers decide what to do, but this constitution requires the government officials to resolve every economic issue, which puts a tremendous burden on them. The officials must analyze and discuss these issues, compromise on policies, and then observe the effect their policy has on the lives of the people.

In a free enterprise system, there is a significant advantage for a business to become larger than it's competitors, and to produce as many products as possible. The ultimate type of business is a gigantic monopoly that produces everything.

However, when the government is in control of the economy, there is no benefit to having businesses that produce different products. It would be more sensible for the ministers to create smaller businesses in which every employee of a business is working on the same project. That will prevent the situation we have in a free enterprise system in which some employees of a business are making lightbulbs while others are producing fertilizer, and others are creating software for telephones. Those employees have nothing in common with one another, so there is no need for them to be part of the same business.

As mentioned near the beginning of this document, this Constitution creates an economic system that regards businesses as so insignificant that they do not need names or logos, and they can be temporary entities that exist only for a particular project.

The businesses in a free enterprise system regularly use this concept internally. For example, when a business is damaged from a earthquake or lightning storm, the management reacts by arranging for a group of their employees to clean up the mess, and when they are finished, they return to their other jobs. Those employees do not become a permanent organization with a name and logo.

With this Constitution, the city is essentially one large business, and the people in the city are employees who get together in teams to deal with specific tasks. A team might be created to clean up the mess of a tornado, which might result in the team existing for only a few hours, whereas another team might be created to develop software to analyze CT scans, which would require a group of computer programmers work together for many years.

The Economic ministers create businesses whenever they need to accomplish some task, and they dissolve a business whenever it is no longer necessary.

One reason that businesses in a free enterprise system want to remain as an entity forever and treat their employees as captive slaves is because their employees gain valuable knowledge by working in the business, and they don't want their employees to start a competing business, or get a job with their competitor. They want to keep their technology a secret, and they want to keep their employees for themselves.

With this constitution, every business and person is working for the city, and nobody can keep technology a secret. Businesses can keep technology a secret temporarily while they are developing it, but when the development process is finished, the technology is released to the public. Therefore, the ministers don't have any concern about dissolving a business and letting the employees take technology to competing businesses.

Another reason that businesses in a free enterprise system want their employees to be captive slaves is because they often have to put time and resources into training an employee, so they don't want him to quit. Training an employee is a financial burden on the business, and that puts the business at a disadvantage in the battle for profit. That burden also results in businesses doing the minimum necessary in regards to training.

However, this constitution provides everything for free, including education of students and training of employees. Businesses do not suffer by having their employees trained. All of the employees work for the city, and the city benefits by training employees. An employee can quit a business even while he is in the process of going through a training program, and he can continue his training at another business.

Everybody is working for the city, and the businesses are just temporary associations of people to accomplish a specific task. The businesses compete with each other, but to inspire one another, not destroy one another. Nobody suffers when a skilled employee moves from one business to another because he will contribute to city regardless of which business he works for. Actually, an employee with useful skills can help the employees at another business become more productive, which everybody benefits from.